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Knowing what to vaccinate for and how often to give your dog vaccines are two very important questions that every dog owner must deal with. It is very important to vaccinate your dog. This is also a very important part of any dog health care program. Regular vaccinations can prevent your dog from contracting many diseases and can possibly save their life. Two important viruses to vaccinate for are canine parvovirus and distemper.

Most vets agree that it is vital to vaccinate puppies at 6 weeks of age and again at 8, 12, and 16 weeks for Distemper, Canine Infectious Hepatitis, Leptospirosis, Parainfluenza, Parvovirus, and Coronavirus (DHLPPC). It is also suggested that puppies are vaccinated for rabies at six months of age and then to repeat it annually.

Although your new puppy may squirm or even cry when getting his vaccinations, it is just as important for your dog as it is for your children to receive these "annual shots". In fact, by keeping up to date on your dog's vaccinations, you could be saving his life. Basically, dog vaccinations are injections of a small dose of a specific disease, which should prevent your puppy from developing that very disease later in life by creating the necessary antibodies to fight it off.

Some dog owners have concerns whether the repeated dog vaccinations are really necessary and whether they are doing more harm than good. Vaccinations work by stimulating the dog's immune system, encouraging it to readily produce antibodies to fight against many specific types of bacterias and viruses.

Stimulating the dogs immune system this way does come at a price when the vaccine in the dog's system leads to illness. Once vaccinations are given to your dog, your dog's immune system will recognize the presence of a disease and will then create the antibodies needed to fight it off. These antibodies only last from six months to a year, which makes regular vaccinations extremely important for your puppy or dog.

The question on the minds of many pet owners is usually - "is it dangerous to repeatedly vaccinate my dog each year"? Fortunately the experts do agree that the answer to this question is a resounding "no."

While there are rare cases of dogs that have become very ill or even died as a result of receiving a vaccination, there is no evidence to suggest that this practice poses any real danger generally speaking. Oftentimes, the dogs that are adversely affected to vaccines may have already been sick or have some form of allergy to a specific part of the vaccine.

When using a vaccine that must be mixed first, there are four simple steps to follow. First: mix the vaccine by withdrawing all of the liquid from the appropriate vial and then injecting it into the vial containing the dried portion of the vaccine. Remove the syringe, shake the vial to mix up the vaccination, re-insert the needle and then withdraw the entire 1 ml contents of the mixed vaccination.

Two different types of vaccinations exist which are a Killed Vaccine and a Modified Live Vaccine. A Modified Live Vaccine is the live disease being injected, while having been altered by the drug company to be unable to cause the disease it is protecting against. A Killed Vaccine is when the virus itself has been killed before any injection occurs.

Most vaccinations are administered subcutaneously (by injecting the vaccine just under the skin). One of the best areas is located in the shoulder or neck area. Simply lift a tent of skin into a triangle with one hand, and inject the vaccine into it with the other hand. Note: always use a different sterile needle and syringe for each dog and also for each individual injection, and then dispose of all used needles and syringes in a safe location.

I feel that the best advice I can offer is that dog owners continue vaccinating their dogs according to local laws and the recommendations of their veterinarians. Since the annual vaccines are not seemingly harming dogs in any way, there is no cause for alarm and no harm in continuing the same routine until the veterinary community makes up its mind that a real change is needed in regard to dog vaccinations. In the mean time, a little prevention can go a long way to keep your dog healthy.

Copyright 2007. Debbie L. Ray. All rights reserved.

Debbie Ray, owner of .pedigreedpups , .the-website-doctor , .pedigreeddogs and .total-german-shepherd is a lifelong dog owner, teacher and internet business owner. Want to learn how to build a website by yourself? Interested in purebred dogs? The German Shepherd? Promote your dog related website? Let me teach you more.Bipolar Husband
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Theres a wide range of government benefits to support you as you bring up your family if youre on a low income and need assistance. This is a brief guide to some of the key benefits that you may be eligible to receive.

Child benefit almost everyone who has a child under 16 (or under 19 and still in full-time secondary education) qualifies to receive child benefit as its not means-tested. Youll be given a form from the hospital when your child is born, or you can make your application online on the Her Majestys Revenue and Customs (HMRC) website. Youll receive an amount for every child you have a larger sum for the first child and a reduced sum for each additional child. Its normally paid every four weeks, but you can arrange to receive it weekly if youre on a low income and receive other benefits. It can be paid directly into your bank account or posted to you as a cheque, which you can cash at any post office. The benefits dont count as income so they wont be taxed and wont affect any other benefits you receive.

Child tax credits if you have children under 16 and your family income is less than 58,175 per annum (or 66,350 if you have a child under one), you may apply for child tax credits, a regular payment which is means-tested, i.e. based on you and your partners annual income. There are two parts to the payments a family element, paid to any family with children, and a child element, an additional sum for each child in the family. If you have a disabled child or a child under one, you may receive more money. Child tax credits are handled by HMRC, so to apply youll need to phone or write to them. Online applications are not available at present.

Child maintenance if you have a child whose other parent doesnt live with you, the non-resident parent is obliged to give you money to help you bring up the child. A government body called the Child Support Agency (CSA) will collect and make the payments on your behalf. The amount that youll be given will depend on the non-resident parents income, how many children you have who qualify for maintenance, and how many children the non-resident parent has living with them. Either the non-resident parent will pay you directly or you can arrange for the payments to be made to you through the CSA. Any amount that you receive in child maintenance wont affect any child tax credits that you receive. For information on how to apply, contact the CSA.

Statutory maternity pay women who are in work are entitled to maternity pay to allow them to take time off work when their baby is born. To qualify, you must have been working with the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the 15th week before the estimated date of delivery, and have earned at least 84 per week. Youll get 90% of your average weekly earnings for the first six weeks, followed by a further 20 weeks at 108.85 or 90% of your average earnings, whichever is less. Youll receive your maternity pay through your employers payroll, and tax and national insurance will be deducted as they would from your normal pay. To claim statutory maternity pay, you should speak to your employer at least 28 days before you plan to stop work. Note that some employers have their own maternity policy instead of statutory maternity pay, which will pay you more money.

Statutory paternity pay new fathers are also now entitled to paid time off by the government. To qualify, you must be the father of your wife or partners baby, or the adoptive father of the child, or the husband or partner of the adoptive mother of the child, or have responsibility for bringing up the child. To qualify, you must have been working with the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the 15th week before the estimated date of delivery, or employed up to the week when you or your wife/partner were matched with an adoptive child, and be earning at least 85 per week. Youll be paid 108.85 for two weeks, or 90% of your average weekly earnings, whichever is less. As with statutory maternity pay, youll receive it through your employer and national insurance and tax will be deducted. To apply for statutory paternity pay, youll need to inform your employer at least 15 weeks before the baby is due, or within a week of being informed that youve been matched with an adoptive child, and youll need to take the leave within eight weeks of the adoption or birth of the child.

Welfare food scheme the government can help you buy baby formula, milk, fruit and vegetables and vitamins if youre on a low income and receiving other benefits such as income support, jobseekers allowance or child tax credit if you and your partner earn less than 14,155 per annum. If youre pregnant, youll receive vouchers for seven pints (four litres) of cows milk a week. If you have children, youll get the same amount of milk for each child aged between one and five. You can exchange the vouchers for milk at any shop that accepts them. Youll also receive free vitamins and tokens for 900 grams of infant formula per week for children under one, which you can collect at your local health centre or NHS clinic. To apply for free milk when youre pregnant, let your midwife or healthcare practitioner know. To apply for the free food for children, youll need to apply for child tax credit as soon as your child is born. A new programme called Healthy Start is currently being trialled in Devon and Cornwall, in which vouchers worth 2.80 can be exchanged for milk, baby formula, vitamins and fresh fruit and vegetables in any shop that accepts them.

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